1. Figure 01: Research Intention, p.5, illustrated by author
2. Figure 02: Artificial Intelligence Relations, p.7, illustrated by author, inspired by IBM: https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/artificialintelligence, accessed April 28, 2025.
3. Figure 03: Functionality of GANs, p.9, illustrated by Thalles Silva: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/an-intuitive-introductionto-generative-adversarial-networks-gans-7a2264a81394/), accessed April 30, 2025.
4. Figure 04: BIM Dimensions, p.11, from: https://www.accasoftware.com/en/bim-software, accessed April 28, 2025.
5. Figure 05: Research strategies, p.13, illustrated by author
6. Figure 06: Offices before digital drawing tools, p.17, Image by: https://www.shapr3d.com/history-of-cad/introduction, accessed April 30, 2025.
7. Figure 06: The Modulor by Le Corbusier, p.18, from: https://snl.no/Modulor, accessed April 30, 2025.
8. Figure 07: Moshe Safdi (1938), Habitat ‘67, p.19, Image by: https://www.safdiearchitects.com/projects/habitat-67, accessed April 30, 2025.
9. Figure 08: Sketchpad developed by Ivan E. Sutherland, p.19, from: https://bimaplus.org/news/the-very-beginning-of-the-digitalrepresentation-ivan-sutherland-sketchpad/, accessed April 30,2025.
10. Figure 09: McNeels’ Rhino 3D - User Interface, p. 20, illustrated by author
11. Figure 10: Main building of the Heydar Aliyev Center in Baku, Azerbaijan (2013) by Zaha Hadid Architects, p.21, Image by vladimirzhoga, File nr.: 758759854, accessed Mai 08, 2025.
12. Figure 12: Hierarchy of conscious-problems, p. 31, illustrated by author, inspired by Max Tegmark, in Life 3.0, p.285
13. Figure 13: Semantics in linguistics and architecture, p. 33, by Stanislas Chaillou: https://stanislaschaillou.com/semanticism.html
14. Figure 14: CAPTCHA, p. 35, from: https://www.reddit.com/r/AutisticAdults/comments/1jfnd3w/these_captchas_kill_me_because_of_the_way_they/#lightbox, accessed April 30, 2025.
15. Figure 15: ICD/ITKE University of Stuttgart - Honeycombs inspired pavilion, p. 41, from: https://www.icd.uni-stuttgart.de/projects/buga-wood-pavilion-2019/, accessed April 30, 2025.
16. Figure 16: Language in ChatGPT - Text Prompt, p. 46, illustrated by author
17. Figure 17: Software language - Code in JavaScript, p. 47, illustrated by author
18. Figure 18: Sketch as a form of being literate: Frank Gehry - Guggenheim Bilbao, p. 49, from: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture. com/case-studies/a2384-walt-disney-concert-hall-by-frank-ogehry-
the-greatest-building-of-our-time/, accessed April 30, 2025.
the-greatest-building-of-our-time/, accessed April 30, 2025.
19. Figure 19: Literacy in ArchiCAD - List of Shortcuts (German Version), p. 49, illustrated by author
20. Figure 20: Literacy in Rhino 3D, Grasshopper Plugin: Energy design, p. 49, illustrated by author
21. Figure 21: Error message based on misscommunication, p. 50, illustrated by author
22. Figure 22: Possible AI supported ideation process inspired by evolutionary creativity, p. 52, from Thoring et al. “The Augmented Designer: A Research Agenda for Generative AI-Enabled Design.” Proceedings of the Design Society 3 (July 2023): 3345–54. https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2023.335.
23. Figure 23: Survey Questions, p. 55, illustrated by author
24. Figure 24: AI Expertise, p. 56, illustrated by author
25. Figure 25: Total distribution challenges, p. 61, illustrated by author
26. Figure 26: Scale of information, p. 69, illustrated by author
27. Figure 27: Step-by-Step Guideline “How to be an architect” provided by ChatGPT 4.0, p. 76, illustrated by author
28. Figure 28: Architects as T-shaped people, p. 78, from: Thoring and Müller, “Understanding the Creative Mechanisms of Design Thinking: An Evolutionary Approach.”
29. Figure 29: Text prompt: “single family house,” DALL·E 2025-03-24 11.18.43 - A modern single-family house with a gable roof, large windows, a small front porch, and a well-maintained front yard
with green grass and colorful flowers, p. 82, illustrated by author, April 24, 2025.
with green grass and colorful flowers, p. 82, illustrated by author, April 24, 2025.
30. Figure 30: Optimization problem with a large solution space, p. 84, from: Thoring and Müller, “Understanding the Creative Mechanisms of Design Thinking: An Evolutionary Approach.” In Proceedings of the Second Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design, 137–47. Eindhoven Netherlands: ACM, 2011.
https://doi.org/10.1145/2079216.2079236.
https://doi.org/10.1145/2079216.2079236.
TABLES
1. Table 1: Scales comparison, p. 59, illustrated by author.
2. Table 2: Attitude towards AI usage, p. 60, illustrated by author.
3. Table 3: Ideation capabilities, p. 61, illustrated by author.
4. Table 4: Results Expert interview - Themes, p. 66, illustrated by author.